 
   Delphi - объектно-ориентированный язык программирования, разработанный компанией Borland в 1995 году. Он основан на языке программирования Pascal, но имеет более расширенные возможности и добавлены новые функции.
 
   Delphi является интегрированной средой разработки (IDE), которая позволяет разрабатывать программное обеспечение для различных платформ, включая Windows, macOS, Android и iOS. Delphi достигает многоплатформенности с помощью...
{ 
  Microsoft's Tweak UI has a feature 'rebuild icon cache now'. 
  Windows then rebuilds its internal cache of icons. 
  Unfortunately, there is no single API to do this. 
}
 uses
   Registry;
 function
 RefreshScreenIcons : Boolean;
 const
   KEY_TYPE = HKEY_CURRENT_USER;
   KEY_NAME = 'Control PanelDesktopWindowMetrics';
   KEY_VALUE = 'Shell Icon Size';
 var
   Reg: TRegistry;
   strDataRet, strDataRet2: string
;
  procedure
 BroadcastChanges;
  var
    success: DWORD;
  begin
    SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST,
                       WM_SETTINGCHANGE,
                       SPI_SETNONCLIENTMETRICS,
                       0,
                       SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG,
                       10000,
                       success);
  end
;
 begin
   Result := False;
   Reg := TRegistry.Create;
   try
     Reg.RootKey := KEY_TYPE;
     // 1. open HKEY_CURRENT_USERControl PanelDesktopWindowMetrics 
    if
 Reg.OpenKey(KEY_NAME, False) then
     begin
       // 2. Get the value for that key 
      strDataRet := Reg.ReadString(KEY_VALUE);
       Reg.CloseKey;
       if
 strDataRet <> '' then
       begin
         // 3. Convert sDataRet to a number and subtract 1, 
        //    convert back to a string, and write it to the registry 
        strDataRet2 := IntToStr(StrToInt(strDataRet) - 1);
         if
 Reg.OpenKey(KEY_NAME, False) then
         begin
           Reg.WriteString(KEY_VALUE, strDataRet2);
           Reg.CloseKey;
           // 4. because the registry was changed, broadcast 
          //    the fact passing SPI_SETNONCLIENTMETRICS, 
          //    with a timeout of 10000 milliseconds (10 seconds) 
          BroadcastChanges;
           // 5. the desktop will have refreshed with the 
          //    new (shrunken) icon size. Now restore things 
          //    back to the correct settings by again writing 
          //    to the registry and posing another message. 
          if
 Reg.OpenKey(KEY_NAME, False) then
           begin
             Reg.WriteString(KEY_VALUE, strDataRet);
             Reg.CloseKey;
             // 6.  broadcast the change again 
            BroadcastChanges;
             Result := True;
           end
;
         end
;
       end
;
     end
;
   finally
     Reg.Free;
   end
;
 end
;
 procedure
 TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
 begin
   RefreshScreenIcons
 end
;
 { 
  The result is Window's erasing all its icons, and recalculating them 
  based on the registry settings. 
  This means if you have changed a DefaultIcon key within the registry for 
  some application or file, Windows will display the new icon when the 
  refresh is completed. 
  Original source: 
  www.mvps.org/vbnet/index.html?code/reg/screenrefresh.htm 
  Translated from VB by Thomas Stutz 
}